Airs on Friday August 19 in place of Insight at 9a.m. and 7 p.m.

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“What was unreasonable at 8 o'clock in the morning on September 11 may have been quite reasonable by 2 o'clock in the afternoon given the changed circumstances in which the country found itself.” (Michael Hayden, former former director of the Central Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency)

Espionage is the world’s second oldest profession but with countries facing new security threats and an ever-evolving technology landscape – they have to adapt.

In this episode of America Abroad, we discuss the current state of human intelligence gathering and its future. We explore how encryption affects the nature of spying, how the challenge of recruiting has changed, and the techniques agencies at home and abroad use to give them the edge against criminals and terrorists.

Guest include:

Catherine Crump: Law professor, at the University of California, Berkeley

Mel Goodman: Senior fellow, Center for International Policy

Michael Hayden: Former director of the CIA and the NSA

Vince Houghton: Historian and curator of the International Spy Museum

John Kiriakou: Former senior CIA Counter-Terrorism Officer and former senior investigator for the Senate Foreign Relations Committee 

John MacGaffin: Former deputy spymaster for the CIA's clandestine service

Jonna Mendez: Former Chief of Disguise at the CIA

Michael O’Hanlon: Senior fellow in Foreign Policy, Brookings Institution

Holly Taylor: Actress, plays Paige on FX series The Americans